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Dental sealants (also termed pit and fissure sealants, [1] or simply fissure sealants) [2] are a dental treatment intended to prevent tooth decay. Teeth have recesses on their biting surfaces; the back teeth have fissures (grooves) and some front teeth have cingulum pits. It is these pits and fissures that are most vulnerable to tooth decay ...
The retention rate of ART sealants using HVGIC [8] has improved significantly compared to low and medium viscosity-viscosity glass-ionomers previously used. [9] ART sealants appear to have a high caries preventive effect. [10] ART/HVGIC sealants are effective in controlling dentine-carious-lesion development in pits and fissures. [1]
[15] [16] In Paediatric dentistry, they can also be used as a fissure sealant material. [17] The luting version of compomer may be used to cement cast alloy and ceramic-metal restorations, and to cement orthodontic bands in Paediatric patients. [16] [17] However, compomer luting cement should not be used with all-ceramic crowns. [15] [16]
Fissure sealants, which involve the use of glass ionomers as the materials can be mixed to achieve a certain fluid consistency and viscosity that allows the cement to sink into fissures and pits located in posterior teeth and fill these spaces which pose as a site for caries risk, thereby reducing the risk of caries manifesting.
The progression of pit and fissure caries resembles two triangles with their bases meeting along the junction of enamel and dentin. Teeth are bathed in saliva and have a coating of bacteria on them that continually forms. The development of biofilm begins with pellicle formation. Pellicle is an acellular proteinaceous film which covers the teeth.
However, due to its favourable wetting properties, it can adapt intimately to enamel and dentine surfaces. Indications include: restoration of small class I cavities, preventive resin restorations (PRR), fissure sealants, cavity liners, repair of deficient amalgam margins, and class V (abfraction) lesions caused by NCTSL.
A 1930s poster from the Work Projects Administration promoting oral hygiene. Tooth decay is the most common global disease. [14] Over 80% of cavities occur inside fissures in teeth where brushing cannot reach food left trapped after eating and saliva and fluoride have no access to neutralize acid and remineralize demineralized teeth, unlike easy-to-clean parts of the tooth, where fewer ...
Chemical structure of ethyl cyanoacrylate, the precursor to many commercial adhesives. The most common monomer is ethyl cyanoacrylate.Several related esters are known. To facilitate easy handling, a cyanoacrylate monomer is frequently formulated with an ingredient such as fumed silica to make it more viscous or gel-like.