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  2. Subbase (pavement) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subbase_(pavement)

    The thickness of subbase can range from 75 to 100 mm (3 to 4 in) for garden paths through 100 to 150 mm (4 to 6 in) for driveways and public footpaths, to 150 to 225 mm (6 to 9 in) for heavy used roads, and more for highways.

  3. Base course - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_course

    If there is a sub-base course, the base course is constructed directly above this layer. Otherwise, it is built directly on top of the subgrade. Typical base course thickness ranges from 100 to 150 millimetres (4 to 6 in ) and is governed by underlying layer properties.

  4. Highway engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway_engineering

    The subbase thickness is generally in the range of 4 to 16 inches, and it is designed to withstand the required structural capacity of the pavement section. [18] Common materials used for a highway subbase include gravel, crushed stone, or subgrade soil that is stabilized with cement, fly ash, or lime.

  5. Granular base equivalency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granular_base_equivalency

    The thickness of these layers can be translated to GBE. Granular base equivalency or granular base equivalence (GBE) is a measure of total pavement thickness. [1] [2] Since pavement is composed of multiple layers with different physical properties, its total thickness is measured by GBE. GBE translates the thickness of different road layers to ...

  6. Road surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface

    Full depth reclamation: The full thickness of the asphalt pavement and underlying material is pulverized to provide a uniform blend of material. [34] [37] A binding agent or stabilizing material may be mixed in to form a base course for the new pavement, or it may be left unbound to form a sub-base course. Common binding agents include asphalt ...

  7. Paver base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paver_base

    Layers in the construction of a mortarless pavement: A.) Subgrade B.) Subbase C.) Base course D.) Paver base E.) Pavers F.) Fine-grained sand Paver base is a form of aggregate used in the construction of patios and walkways whose topmost layer consists of mortarless (or "dry-laid") pavers.

  8. Subgrade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subgrade

    Layers in the construction of a mortarless pavement: A.) Subgrade B.) Subbase C.) Base course D.) Paver base E.) Pavers F.) Fine-grained sand Section through railway track and foundation showing the sub-grade. In transport engineering, subgrade is the native material underneath a constructed road, [1] pavement or railway track (US: railroad track).

  9. California bearing ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_bearing_ratio

    The test is simple and has been extensively investigated for field correlations of flexible pavement thickness requirements. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The laboratory CBR apparatus consists of a mould of 150 mm diameter with a base plate and a collar, a loading frame and dial gauges for measuring the penetration values and the expansion on soaking.