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St. Mary's City was the largest settlement in Maryland and the seat of colonial government until 1695. Because Anglicanism had become the official religion in Virginia, a band of Puritans in 1649 left for Maryland; they founded Providence (now called Annapolis). [25] In 1650 the Puritans revolted against the proprietary government.
The Native Americans in Maryland were a peaceful people who welcomed the English. At the time of the founding of the Maryland colony, approximately forty tribes consisting of 8,000 – 10,000 people lived in the area. They were fearful of the colonists' guns, but welcomed trade for metal tools.
Slavery in Maryland lasted over 200 years, from its beginnings in 1642 when the first Africans were brought as slaves to St. Mary's City, to its end after the Civil War. While Maryland developed similarly to neighboring Virginia, slavery declined in Maryland as an institution earlier, and it had the largest free black population by 1860 of any ...
A new map of Virginia, Maryland, and the improved parts of Pennsylvania & New Jersey, 1685 map of the Chesapeake region by Christopher Browne. The Chesapeake Colonies were the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, later the Commonwealth of Virginia, and Province of Maryland, later Maryland, both colonies located in British America and centered on the Chesapeake Bay.
The city is named after Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, [16] (1605–1675), [17] of the Irish House of Lords and founding proprietor of the Province of Maryland. [18] [19] Cecilius Calvert was the oldest son of Sir George Calvert, (1579–1632), who became the First Lord Baltimore of County Longford, Ireland in 1625.
The British colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe on February 12, 1733. [7] The colony was administered by the Georgia Trustees under a charter issued by and named for King George II . The Trustees implemented an elaborate plan for the settlement of the colony, known as the Oglethorpe Plan , which envisioned an agrarian society of ...
St. Mary's City (also known as Historic St. Mary's City) is a former colonial town that was founded in March 1634, as Maryland's first European settlement and capital. [5] It is now a state-run historic area, which includes a reconstruction of the original colonial settlement and a designated living history venue and museum complex.
In the period following Oliver Cromwell's fall in England, the colony grew and transitioned to a slave economy. It saw the beginnings of industry and urbanization. At the turn of the eighteenth century, King William's War (1689–1697) and Queen Anne's War (1702–1714) brought Maryland into depression again as European demand for tobacco decreased sharply.