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China's fiscal budget has four parts: general fiscal budget, budget for government funds, budget for operating income of state-owned capital, and social insurance budget. [ 40 ] : 353 The largest part is the general fiscal budget, which is a unitary budget that is allocated between central fiscal and local fiscal budgets.
The CCP has also used other terms to officially describe China's system of government including "socialist consultative democracy", and whole-process people's democracy. [42] According to the CCP theoretical journal Qiushi , "[c]onsultative democracy was created by the CPC and the Chinese people as a form of socialist democracy. ...
The first Constitution of the People's Republic of China was declared in 1954. The current Constitution was declared in 1982, [2]: 82 after two intervening versions enacted in 1975 and 1978. There were significant differences between each of these versions, and the 1982 Constitution has subsequently been amended five times. [citation needed]
The State Council of the People's Republic of China, also known as the Central People's Government, is the chief administrative authority and the national cabinet of China. It is constitutionally the highest administrative organ of the country and the executive organ of the National People's Congress, the highest organ of state power.
Constitutional power in the People's Republic of China is held by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCCPC). Although this group of approximately 300 members does not have power in the same way as a traditional legislative body, the most important and senior officials of the Chinese government are all members.
Each department additionally has two to four deputy heads (vice ministers, deputy directors, deputy governors and deputy auditors-general), assisting the department head. They are appointed or removed by the State Council. [6] Generally, the authority of government departments is defined by regulations and rules rather than law. [7]: 28
In official discourse, each group of leadership is identified with a distinct extension of the ideology of the party. Historians have studied various periods in the development of the government of the People's Republic of China by reference to these "generations". [citation needed] Marxism–Leninism was the first official ideology of the CCP ...
The Government of the Republic of China was formally established in 1912 in Nanjing, with Sun Yat-sen as President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China under the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China. This government moved to Beijing in the same year with Yuan Shikai as president, and continued under his successors ...