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The Middle Passage was the stage of the Atlantic slave trade in which millions of enslaved Africans [1] were forcibly transported to the Americas as part of the triangular slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with manufactured goods (first side of the triangle), which were then traded for slaves with rulers of African states ...
Middle Passage (1990) is a historical novel by American writer Charles R. Johnson about the final voyage of an illegal American slave ship on the Middle Passage.Set in 1830, it presents a personal and historical perspective of the illegal slave trade in the United States, telling the story of Rutherford Calhoun, a freed slave who sneaks aboard a slave ship bound for Africa in order to escape a ...
The internal slave trade in the United States, also known as the domestic slave trade, the Second Middle Passage [1] and the interregional slave trade, [2] was the mercantile trade of enslaved people within the United States. It was most significant after 1808, when the importation of slaves from Africa was prohibited by federal law.
Prehistoric warfare refers to war that occurred between societies without recorded history.. The existence—and the definition—of war in humanity's hypothetical state of nature has been a controversial topic in the history of ideas at least since Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan (1651) argued a "war of all against all", a view directly challenged by Jean-Jacques Rousseau in a Discourse on ...
[1]: 9 They actively participated in the exchange of people, ideas, and commodities around the Atlantic basin, affecting the creation and destruction of communities. [2]: 239 Trade routes along the Middle Passage were crucial in establishing modern capitalism. For pirates in the Atlantic World, these routes provided opportunities due to the ...
It is based on her interviews in 1927 with Oluale Kossola (also known as Cudjoe Lewis) who was presumed to be the last survivor of the Middle Passage. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Two female survivors were subsequently recognized but Cudjoe continued to be identified as the last living person with clear memories of life in Africa before passage and enslavement.
The term 'neolithic revolution' was invented by V. Gordon Childe in his book Man Makes Himself (1936). [18] [19] Childe introduced it as the first in a series of agricultural revolutions in Middle Eastern history, [20] calling it a "revolution" to denote its significance, the degree of change to communities adopting and refining agricultural ...
Pre-Neolithic and Neolithic migration events in Africa. [140] The Nilotic peoples are thought to be derived from an earlier undifferentiated Eastern Sudanic unity by the 3rd millennium BCE. The development of the Proto-Nilotes as a group may have been connected with their domestication of livestock.