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Nostoc, also known as star jelly, troll's butter, spit of moon, fallen star, witch's butter (not to be confused with the fungi commonly known as witches' butter), and witch's jelly, is the most common genus of cyanobacteria found in a variety of both aquatic and terrestrial environments that may form colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath of polysaccharides. [1]
Nostoc commune. Nostoc commune is found in many countries around the world. It is able to survive in extreme conditions in polar regions and arid areas. It is a terrestrial or freshwater species and forms loose clumps on soil, gravel and paved surfaces, among mosses and between cobbles. [1]
Class: Cyanophyceae: Order: Nostocales: Family: Nostocaceae C. A. Agardh ex Kirchner: Genera [1] Anabaena Bory ex Bornet & Flahault 1886; Camptylonemopsis Desikachary 1948; Coleospermopsis Hauer et al. 2015 provis. Cronbergia Komárek et al. 2010; Cyanocohniella Kaštovský et al. 2014; Cylindrospermum Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault 1888 ...
Nostoc parmelioides is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. It is notable for its symbiosis with a midge larva, Cricotopus nostocicola . [ 1 ]
Nostoc commune var. sphaeroides is an edible cyanobacterium [1] found in diverse habitats such as lakes and rivers. It is used as a food and nutritional supplement and has reputed pharmaceutical properties.
Heterocysts or heterocytes are specialized nitrogen-fixing cells formed during nitrogen starvation by some filamentous cyanobacteria, such as Nostoc, Cylindrospermum, and Anabaena. [1] They fix nitrogen from dinitrogen (N 2) in the air using the enzyme nitrogenase, in order to provide the cells in the filament with nitrogen for biosynthesis. [2]
Nostoc verrucosum is a species of cyanobacteria usually found in colonies and in globose racks. It has a greenish to blackish color. It has a greenish to blackish color. It grows in creek beds, shallow streams, waterfalls, and moist understory in rain forests, in alkaline soil and water habitat.
Nostoc pruniforme (Mare's eggs) are a species of cyanobacterium. These freshwater bacteria grow in colonies which take the form of dark green, gelatinous spheres with a smooth surface like a plum. It is common and widely distributed both geographically and ecologically in oligotrophic and mesotrophic freshwaters in temperate and sub-Arctic regions.