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  2. Iris sphincter muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_sphincter_muscle

    The pupil constricts when the iris sphincter muscle is stimulated and contracts In humans, it functions to constrict the pupil in bright light ( pupillary light reflex ) or during accommodation . [ citation needed ] In lower animals, the muscle cells themselves are photosensitive causing iris action without brain input.

  3. Intraocular muscles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraocular_muscles

    The pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle control the iris to adjust the size of the pupil to adjust how much light enters into the eye. The pupillary dilator muscle increases the pupillary diameter and it is arranged radially, but the pupillary sphincter muscle is responsible for the constriction of the pupil's diameter and ...

  4. Iris (anatomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_(anatomy)

    The iris (brown coloured portion of the eye) controls the size of the pupil by contracting the sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae muscles. The sphincter pupillae is the opposing muscle of the dilator pupillae. The pupil's diameter, and thus the inner border of the iris, changes size when constricting or dilating. The outer border of the ...

  5. Pupil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupil

    The pupil is a hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to strike the retina. [1] It appears black because light rays entering the pupil are either absorbed by the tissues inside the eye directly, or absorbed after diffuse reflections within the eye that mostly miss exiting the narrow pupil.

  6. Pupillary response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_response

    Pupillary response is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil between 1.5 mm and 8 mm, [1] via the optic and oculomotor cranial nerve. A constriction response ( miosis ), [ 2 ] is the narrowing of the pupil, which may be caused by scleral buckles or drugs such as opiates / opioids or anti-hypertension medications.

  7. Pupillary light reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_light_reflex

    It may be helpful to consider the Pupillary reflex as an 'Iris' reflex, as the iris sphincter and dilator muscles are what can be seen responding to ambient light. [2] Whereas, the pupil is the passive opening formed by the active iris. Pupillary reflex is synonymous with pupillary response, which may be pupillary constriction or dilation.

  8. Oculomotor nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculomotor_nerve

    The muscles it controls are the striated muscle in levator palpebrae superioris and other extraocular muscles except for the superior oblique muscle and the lateral rectus muscle. The Edinger-Westphal nucleus supplies parasympathetic fibers to the eye via the ciliary ganglion , and thus controls the sphincter pupillae muscle (affecting pupil ...

  9. Accommodation reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_reflex

    Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.