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The inner workings of an LED, showing circuit (top) and band diagram (bottom) The p–n junction in any direct band gap material emits light when electric current flows through it. This is electroluminescence. Electrons cross from the n-region and recombine with the holes existing in the p-region.
An LED strip, tape, or ribbon light is a flexible circuit board populated by surface-mount light-emitting diodes (SMD LEDs) and other components that usually comes with an adhesive backing. Traditionally, strip lights had been used solely in accent lighting, backlighting, task lighting, and decorative lighting applications, such as cove lighting .
In integrated circuit design, physical design is a step in the standard design cycle which follows after the circuit design.At this step, circuit representations of the components (devices and interconnects) of the design are converted into geometric representations of shapes which, when manufactured in the corresponding layers of materials, will ensure the required functioning of the components.
Optoelectronics (or optronics) is the study and application of electronic devices and systems that find, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics. In this context, light often includes invisible forms of radiation such as gamma rays , X-rays , ultraviolet and infrared , in addition to visible light.
An electronic circuit can usually be categorized as an analog circuit, a digital circuit, or a mixed-signal circuit (a combination of analog circuits and digital circuits). The most widely used semiconductor device in electronic circuits is the MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor). [3]
Light: Energy produced by light being absorbed by photoelectric cells, or solar power. Chemical: Energy produced by chemical reaction in a voltaic cell, such as an electric battery. Pressure: Energy produced by compressing or decompressing specific crystals. Magnetism: Energy produced in a conductor that cuts or is cut by magnetic lines of ...
Here is the time integral of voltage, but whether or not that represents a physical quantity depends on the nature of the voltage source. For a voltage generated by magnetic induction, it is meaningful, but for an electrochemical source, or a voltage that is the output of another circuit, no physical meaning is attached to it.
An optical transistor, also known as an optical switch or a light valve, is a device that switches or amplifies optical signals.Light occurring on an optical transistor's input changes the intensity of light emitted from the transistor's output while output power is supplied by an additional optical source.