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Metronidazole is an antibiotic with an off-label use in eradicating H. pylori for treating gastric ulceration. Resistance of metronidazole is above 15% worldwide. [ 32 ] It is likely to be resistant so is not the first line choice of treatment. [ 44 ]
In the United States, a boxed warning (sometimes "black box warning", colloquially) is a type of warning that appears near the beginning of the package insert for certain prescription drugs, so called because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifies that it is formatted with a 'box' or border around the text [1] to emphasize its ...
Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. [10] It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. [10] It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis. [10]
A 14-day course of "quadruple therapy" with a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth, tetracycline, and metronidazole or tinidazole is a more complicated but also more effective regimen. In a 2011 randomized, controlled trial, the per protocol eradication rates were 93% with quadruple therapy and 70% with triple therapy.
Warning label on a cigarette box: "Smoking Kills". Warning label for a personal water craft. A warning label is a label attached to a product, or contained in a product's instruction manual, warning the user about risks associated with its use, and may include restrictions by the manufacturer or seller on certain uses. [1]
The Haybittle–Peto boundary is one such stopping rule, and it states that if an interim analysis shows a probability equal to, or less than 0.001 that a difference as extreme or more between the treatments is found, given that the null hypothesis is true, then the trial should be stopped early. The final analysis is still evaluated at the ...
The term 'antibiosis', meaning "against life", was introduced by the French bacteriologist Jean Paul Vuillemin as a descriptive name of the phenomenon exhibited by these early antibacterial drugs. [ 8 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Antibiosis was first described in 1877 in bacteria when Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch observed that an airborne bacillus could ...
1960 – metronidazole, the first nitroimidazole; 1961 – ampicillin; 1961 – spectinomycin; 1961 – sulfamethoxazole; 1961 – trimethoprim, the first dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor; 1962 – oxacillin; 1962 – cloxacillin; 1962 – fusidic acid; 1963 – fusafungine; 1963 – lymecycline; 1964 – gentamicin; 1964 – cefalotin, the ...