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Most sovereign states have alternative names. Some countries have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. Some have special names particular to poetic diction or other contexts. This article attempts to give all known alternative names and initialisms for all nations, countries, and sovereign states, in English and any ...
A country adjective describes something as being from that country, for example, "Italian cuisine" is "cuisine of Italy". A country demonym denotes the people or the inhabitants of or from there; for example, "Germans" are people of or from Germany. Demonyms are given in plural forms.
This is a list of countries and territories by the United Nations geoscheme, including 193 UN member states, two UN observer states (the Holy See [note 1] and the State of Palestine), two states in free association with New Zealand (the Cook Islands and Niue), and 49 non-sovereign dependencies or territories, as well as Western Sahara (a disputed territory whose sovereignty is contested) and ...
Paris Club, a group of major creditor countries whose officials meet ten times a year in the city of Paris, with the intent to find coordinated and sustainable solutions to the payment difficulties experienced by debtor countries. PIGS, also PIIGS, the economies of the countries of Portugal, Greece, Spain, Italy and/or Ireland.
Some countries have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. Countries are listed alphabetically by their most common name in English. Each English name is followed by its most common equivalents in other languages, listed in English alphabetical order (ignoring accents) by name and by language.
The value of goods and services produced within a country: List of countries by GDP (nominal) List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita; List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal) List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal) per capita; List of countries by GDP (PPP) List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita
The following chart lists countries and dependencies along with their capital cities, in English and non-English official language(s). In bold : internationally recognized sovereign states The 193 member states of the United Nations (UN)
Transcontinental countries in Europe and Africa, classified as Southern European countries by the United Nations Statistics Division: Italy (Pantelleria and the Pelagie Islands), Malta, Portugal (Madeira [including the Savage Islands]), and Spain (Canary Islands, Ceuta, Melilla, Alboran Island, and Spain's plazas de soberanía).