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  2. Navigation light - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navigation_light

    A navigation light, also known as a running or position light, is a source of illumination on a watercraft, aircraft or spacecraft, meant to give information on the craft's position, heading, or status. [1] Some navigation lights are colour-coded red and green to aid traffic control by identifying the craft's orientation.

  3. Precision approach path indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_Approach_Path...

    The PAPI can be seen to the right (non-standard) side of the runway. The aircraft is slightly below the glideslope. A precision approach path indicator (PAPI) is a system of lights on the side of an airport runway threshold that provides visual descent guidance information during final approach.

  4. Visual approach slope indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_approach_slope...

    Each light is designed so that it appears as either white or red, depending on the angle at which it is viewed. When the pilot is approaching the lights at the proper angle, meaning the pilot is on the glide slope, the first set of lights appears white and the second set appears red. When both sets appear white, the aircraft is too high, and ...

  5. Flight instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_instruments

    The cockpit of a Slingsby T-67 Firefly two-seat light airplane.The flight instruments are visible on the left of the instrument panel. Flight instruments are the instruments in the cockpit of an aircraft that provide the pilot with data about the flight situation of that aircraft, such as altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, heading and much more other crucial information in flight.

  6. Marker beacon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marker_beacon

    According to Article 1.107 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR) [2] a marker beacon is defined as "a transmitter in the aeronautical radionavigation service which radiates vertically a distinctive pattern for providing position information to aircraft".

  7. Approach lighting system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approach_lighting_system

    Approach lights at Jyväskylä Airport, Finland The approach lighting system of Bremen Airport Approach lighting at Love Field, Dallas. An approach lighting system (ALS) is a lighting system installed on the approach end of an airport runway and consisting of a series of lightbars, strobe lights, or a combination of the two that extends outward from the runway end. [1]

  8. Horizontal situation indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_situation_indicator

    The horizontal situation indicator (commonly called the HSI) is an aircraft flight instrument normally mounted below the artificial horizon in place of a conventional heading indicator. It combines a heading indicator with a VHF omnidirectional range - instrument landing system (VOR-ILS) display.

  9. Optical landing system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_landing_system

    The further the aircraft is from the glide slope, the further the ball will be above or below the datum lights. If the aircraft gets dangerously low, the ball appears red. If the aircraft gets too high, the ball appears to go off the top. Wave-off lights – red flashing lamps which, when lit, indicate that the pilot must add full power and go ...