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The phrase knight's move thinking was first used in the context of pathological thinking by the psychologist Peter McKellar in 1957, who hypothesized that individuals with schizophrenia fail to suppress divergent associations. [4] Derailment was used with this meaning by Kurt Schneider in 1959. [9]
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder [17] [7] characterized variously by hallucinations (typically, hearing voices), delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior, [10] and flat or inappropriate affect. [7] Symptoms develop gradually and typically begin during young adulthood and are never resolved.
Graphorrhea is a communication disorder that particularly targets the individual's ability to communicate through writing, which is considered a by-product of disorganized speech experienced with schizophrenia. [8] Common symptoms of schizophrenia include thought disorder, which is related to the presence of graphorrhoea. The inability to ...
A thought disorder (TD) is a disturbance in cognition which affects language, thought and communication. [1] [2] Psychiatric and psychological glossaries in 2015 and 2017 identified thought disorders as encompassing poverty of ideas, paralogia (a reasoning disorder characterized by expression of illogical or delusional thoughts), word salad, and delusions—all disturbances of thought content ...
Thus individuals that do not meet full diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, yet fall on the spectrum of schizotypy, still exhibit high levels of cognitive slippage. [12] Due to this underpinning, The Referential Thinking Scale was designed as a measure to get at the underlying cognitive process of cognitive slippage.
Additionally, at least one of the following three characteristics: delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech, must be present. [7] A rapid increase of studies in schizophrenia has covered topics such as abnormal activity in "motor tasks, working memory attention, word fluency, emotion processing, and decision making."
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