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Pidyon shevuyim (Hebrew: פִּדְיוֹן שְׁבוּיִים, romanized: piḏyon šəvuyim, literally: Redemption of Captives) is a religious duty in Judaism to bring about the release of a fellow Jew captured by slave dealers or robbers, or imprisoned unjustly. Reconciliation, ransom negotiations, or unrelenting pursuit typically secured ...
Goel (Hebrew: גואל, romanized: goʾel}redeemer), in the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic Judaism, is a person who, as the nearest relative of someone, is charged with the duty of restoring that person's rights and avenging wrongs done to him or her. One duty of the goel was to redeem
Redemption also applies to individuals or groups: an Israelite slave, [25] an Israelite captive, [26] and the firstborn son [27] pidyon haben, (Hebrew: פדיון הבן) or redemption of the first-born son, [28] is a mitzvah in Judaism whereby a Jewish firstborn son is redeemed from God by use of silver coins to a kohen. [29]
The Hebrew Bible contains two sets of rules governing slaves: one set for Hebrew slaves (Lev 25:39–43) and a second set for non-Hebrew slaves (Lev 25:45–46). [ 1 ] [ 19 ] The main source of non-Hebrew slaves were prisoners of war, [ 20 ] while Hebrew slaves became slaves either because of extreme poverty (in which case they could sell ...
The Greek term doulos (δοῦλος) more directly refers to slaves (diakonos is a separate word for 'servant'); however, the Septuagint frequently translates the Hebrew `ebed to Greek doulos in senses where the original meant 'servant', leaving the meaning unclear.
Moses Receives the Tablets of the Law (1868 painting by João Zeferino da Costa). Mishpatim (מִּשְׁפָּטִים —Hebrew for "laws," the second word of the parashah) is the eighteenth weekly Torah portion (פָּרָשָׁה , parashah) in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the sixth in the Book of Exodus.
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Slavery was customary in antiquity, and it is condoned by the Torah. [12] The Bible uses the Hebrew term eved (עֶבֶד) to refer to slavery; however, eved has a much wider meaning than the English term slavery, and in several circumstances it is more accurately translated into English as servant. [13]