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Pyrolysis of glycine or glycylglycine gives 2,5-diketopiperazine, the cyclic diamide. [35] Glycine forms esters with alcohols. They are often isolated as their hydrochloride, such as glycine methyl ester hydrochloride. Otherwise, the free ester tends to convert to diketopiperazine. As a bifunctional molecule, glycine reacts with many reagents.
free 2.9-17.2 × 10 −6 [2] Glycine: 1.7-2.3 × 10 −5: 8-54 × 10 −6: Glycogen: 1.2-16.2 × 10 −5: 0 Glycoprotein, acid 4-15 × 10 −4: cGMP: 0.6-4.4 × 10 −9: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone: 1-80 × 10 −12: Guanidine: 1.8-2.3 × 10 −6: Haptoglobin: 3-22 × 10 −4: Hemoglobin: 1.2-1.75 × 10 −1: 1-4 × 10 −5: newborn 1.65-1. ...
The glycine cleavage system (GCS) is also known as the glycine decarboxylase complex or GDC. The system is a series of enzymes that are triggered in response to high concentrations of the amino acid glycine. [1] The same set of enzymes is sometimes referred to as glycine synthase when it runs in the reverse direction to form glycine. [2]
Hyperglycinemia may refer to one of two related inborn amino acid disorders that are characterized by elevated levels of glycine in the blood. Propionic acidemia, also known as "ketotic glycinemia" Glycine encephalopathy, also known as "non-ketotic hyperglycinemia"
The glycine receptor (abbreviated as GlyR or GLR) is the receptor of the amino acid neurotransmitter glycine. GlyR is an ionotropic receptor that produces its effects through chloride currents .
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2, also known as glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene. [ 5 ] The glycine transporter 2 is a membrane protein which recaptures glycine , a major inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem .
Glycine encephalopathy is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of glycine metabolism. After phenylketonuria, glycine encephalopathy is the second most common disorder of amino acid metabolism. The disease is caused by defects in the glycine cleavage system, an enzyme responsible for glycine catabolism. There are several forms of the disease ...
Glycine has only a hydrogen atom for its side chain, with a much smaller van der Waals radius than the CH 3, CH 2, or CH group that starts the side chain of all other amino acids. Hence it is least restricted, and this is apparent in the Ramachandran plot for glycine (see Gly plot in gallery ) for which the allowable area is considerably larger.