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[17] iPS cells derived from DKC patients with a heterozygous mutation on the TERT gene display a 50% reduction in telomerase activity compared to wild type iPS cells. [38] Conversely, mutations on the TERC gene (RNA portion of telomerase complex) can be overcome by up-regulation due to reprogramming as long as the hTERT gene is intact and ...
The genes of telomerase subunits, which include TERT, [16] TERC, [17] DKC1 [18] and TEP1, [19] are located on different chromosomes. The human TERT gene (hTERT) is translated into a protein of 1132 amino acids. [20] TERT polypeptide folds with (and carries) TERC, a non-coding RNA (451 nucleotides long). TERT has a 'mitten' structure that allows ...
The core domain of TERC contains the RNA template from which TERT synthesizes TTAGGG telomeric repeats. [10] Unlike in other RNPs, in telomerase, the protein TERT is catalytic while the lncRNA TERC is structural, rather than acting as a ribozyme. [14] The core region of TERC and TERT are sufficient to reconstitute catalytic telomerase activity ...
Telomeric repeat–containing RNA (TERRA) is a long non-coding RNA transcribed from telomeres - repetitive nucleotide regions found on the ends of chromosomes that function to protect DNA from deterioration or fusion with neighboring chromosomes. TERRA has been shown to be ubiquitously expressed in almost all cell types containing linear ...
An image of multiple chromosomes, taken from many cells. Plant genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity specifically in plants. [1] [2] It is generally considered a field of biology and botany, but intersects frequently with many other life sciences and is strongly linked with the study of information systems.
Plants depend on epigenetic processes (mechanisms that regulate gene activity and expression without changing the underlying DNA sequence) for proper function. [1] The area of study examines protein interactions with DNA and its associated components, including histones and various other modifications such as methylation , which alter the rate ...
The terC RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. [1] terC motif RNAs are found in Pseudomonadota, within the sub-lineages Alphaproteobacteria and Pseudomonadales. terC motif RNAs likely function as cis-regulatory elements, in view of their positions upstream of protein-coding genes.
Plant conservation strategies generally combine elements of conservation on farm (as part of the crop production cycle, where it continues to evolve and support farmer needs), ex situ (for example in gene banks or field collections as seed or tissue samples) or in situ (where they grow in the wild or protected areas).