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Some enzymes are used commercially, for example, in the synthesis of antibiotics. Some household products use enzymes to speed up chemical reactions: enzymes in biological washing powders break down protein, starch or fat stains on clothes, and enzymes in meat tenderizer break down proteins into smaller molecules, making the meat easier to chew.
They use enzymes to break down macromolecules, which are recycled or disposed. [7] As of 2012, there are 50 lysosomal storage diseases, and more are still being discovered. [ 8 ] [ 7 ] These disorders arise because of genetic mutations that prevent the production of certain enzymes used in the lysosomes. [ 7 ]
Meaning: a prefix used to make words with a sense opposite to that of the root word; in this case, meaning "without" or "-less". This is usually used to describe organisms without a certain characteristic, as well as organisms in which that characteristic may not be immediately obvious.
Molecular biology is the study of molecular underpinnings of the biological phenomena, focusing on molecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms and interactions. The central dogma of molecular biology , where genetic material is transcribed into RNA and then translated into protein , despite being oversimplified, still provides a good starting ...
This article needs attention from an expert in biochemistry.The specific problem is: someone with a solid grasp of the full scope of this subject and of its secondary and advanced teaching literatures needs to address A, the clear structural issues of the article (e.g., general absence of catabolic biosynthetic pathways, insertion of macromolecule anabolic paths before all building blocks ...
-Enzymes are environmentally benign, being completely degraded in the environment. -Most enzymes typically function under mild or biological conditions, which minimizes problems of undesired side-reactions such as decomposition, isomerization, racemization and rearrangement, which often plague traditional methodology.
Biology is the scientific study of life. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] For instance, all organisms are composed of at least one cell that processes hereditary information encoded in genes , which can be transmitted ...
ATP contains one more phosphate group than ADP, while AMP contains one fewer phosphate group. Energy transfer used by all living things is a result of dephosphorylation of ATP by enzymes known as ATPases. The cleavage of a phosphate group from ATP results in the coupling of energy to metabolic reactions and a by-product of ADP. [1]