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Ball-and-stick model of a glucose molecule. Blood sugar regulation is the process by which the levels of blood sugar, the common name for glucose dissolved in blood plasma, are maintained by the body within a narrow range. The regulation of glucose levels through Homeostasis. This tight regulation is referred to as glucose homeostasis.
Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into interstitial spaces where they are absorbed into blood rather than through a duct. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland , pituitary gland , pancreas , ovaries , testes , thyroid gland , parathyroid gland ...
Endocrine function: This involves the secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream. Pancreas produces hormones such as insulin and glucagon, which help regulate blood sugar level. Insulin is released when blood sugar levels are high, and it promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, reducing blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
This system of release is commonly referred to as glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). [10] There are four key pieces to the triggering pathway of GSIS: GLUT2 dependent glucose uptake, glucose metabolism, KATP channel closure, and the opening of voltage gated calcium channels causing insulin granule fusion and exocytosis. [11] [12]
The endocrine system is a network of glands and organs located throughout the body. It is similar to the nervous system in that it plays a vital role in controlling and regulating many of the body's functions. Endocrine glands are ductless glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, directly into the blood.
Endocrinology (from endocrine + -ology) is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones.It is also concerned with the integration of developmental events proliferation, growth, and differentiation, and the psychological or behavioral activities of metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep ...
It appears that insulin functions to inhibit glucagon secretion through activation of delta cells to secrete somatostatin. [12] Insulin binds to SGLT2 causing an increased glucose uptake into delta cells. SGLT2 is a sodium and glucose symporter, meaning that it brings glucose and sodium ions across the membrane at the same time in the same ...
Negative feedback at work in the regulation of blood sugar. Flat line is the set-point of glucose level and sine wave the fluctuations of glucose. Blood sugar levels are regulated within fairly narrow limits. [39] In mammals, the primary sensors for this are the beta cells of the pancreatic islets.