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Cultural relativism is the view that concepts and moral values must be understood in their own cultural context and not judged according to the standards of a different culture. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It asserts the equal validity of all points of view and the relative nature of truth, which is determined by an individual or their culture.
The Big Five Personality is a test that people can take to learn more about their personality in relation to the five personality traits. [1] Cross-cultural psychology as a discipline examines the way that human behavior is different and/or similar across different cultures.
Historical particularism (coined by Marvin Harris in 1968) [1] is widely considered the first American anthropological school of thought.. Closely associated with Franz Boas and the Boasian approach to anthropology, historical particularism rejected the cultural evolutionary model that had dominated anthropology until Boas.
The Elements of Moral Philosophy is a 1986 ethics textbook by the philosophers James Rachels and Stuart Rachels. [1] It explains a number of moral theories and topics, including cultural relativism, subjectivism, divine command theory, ethical egoism, social contract theory, utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, and deontology.
Cultural psychology is often confused with cross-cultural psychology.Even though both fields influence each other, cultural psychology is distinct from cross-cultural psychology in that cross-cultural psychologists generally use culture as a means of testing the universality of psychological processes rather than determining how local cultural practices shape psychological processes. [12]
The lexical hypothesis is a major basis of the study of the Big Five personality traits, [9] the HEXACO model of personality structure [10] and the 16PF Questionnaire and has been used to study the structure of personality traits in a number of cultural and linguistic settings. [11]
Abram Kardiner was also affected by these ideas, and in time, the concept of "modal personality" was born: the cluster of traits most commonly thought to be observed in people of any given culture. Benedict in Patterns of Culture, expresses her belief in cultural relativism. She desired to show that each culture has its own moral imperatives ...
Cultural determinism is the belief that the culture in which we are raised determines who we are at emotional and behavioral levels. [1] It contrasts with genetic determinism , the theory that biologically inherited traits and the environmental influences that affect those traits dominate who we are.