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An example is water, whose hydrogen-related isotopologues are: "light water" (HOH or H 2 O), "semi-heavy water" with the deuterium isotope in equal proportion to protium (HDO or 1 H 2 HO), "heavy water" with two deuterium atoms (D 2 O or 2 H 2 O); and "super-heavy water" or tritiated water (T 2 O or 3 H 2 O, as well as HTO [1 H 3 HO] and DTO [2 ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 February 2025. List of organ systems in the human body Part of a series of lists about Human anatomy General Features Regions Variations Movements Systems Structures Arteries Bones Eponymous Foramina Glands endocrine exocrine Lymphatic vessels Nerves Organs Systems Veins Muscles Abductors Adductors ...
A nuclide is a species of an atom with a specific number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, for example, carbon-13 with 6 protons and 7 neutrons. The nuclide concept (referring to individual nuclear species) emphasizes nuclear properties over chemical properties, whereas the isotope concept (grouping all atoms of each element) emphasizes chemical over nuclear.
Example of six stable isotopocules of ethanol (i.e. with stable isotopes) out of the total number of 288 stable isotopocules Isotopocules are isotopically substituted molecules , which differ only in their isotopic composition or their isotopes' intramolecular position. [ 1 ] "
When methane clumped-isotope composition is controlled by kinetic effects, for example, for microbial methane, it has the potential to be used to study metabolism. [4] [5] The study of methane clumped isotopologues is very recent. The first mass spectrometry measurement of methane clumped isotopologues of natural abundance was made in 2014. [2]
For example, the face of a human being has a plane of symmetry down its centre, or a pine cone displays a clear symmetrical spiral pattern. Internal features can also show symmetry, for example the tubes in the human body (responsible for transporting gases, nutrients, and waste products) which are cylindrical and have several planes of symmetry.
The Human Cell Atlas project, which started in 2016, had as one of its goals to "catalog all cell types (for example, immune cells or brain cells) and sub-types in the human body". [13] By 2018, the Human Cell Atlas description based the project on the assumption that "our characterization of the hundreds of types and subtypes of cells in the ...
Isotopomers of isotopically modified ethanol. The molecule at the bottom left is not an isotopomer of any other depicted molecule. Isotopomers or isotopic isomers are isomers which differ by isotopic substitution, and which have the same number of atoms of each isotope but in a different arrangement.