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A Byzantine-Mongol Alliance occurred during the end of the 13th and the beginning of the 14th century between the Byzantine Empire and the Mongol Empire. [2] [a] [b] Byzantium attempted to maintain friendly relations with both the Golden Horde and the Ilkhanate realms, [5] and was caught in the middle of growing conflict between the two. [6]
The Mongols crossed the frozen Danube river in the winter of 1263/1264. [4] They defeated the armies of Michael VIII in the spring of 1264. While most of the defeated army fled, the Byzantine Emperor escaped with the assistance of Italian merchants. After that Thrace was plundered.
[a] Thus most Mongol conquest and plundering took place during the warmer seasons, when there was sufficient grazing for their herds. [4] The rise of the Mongols was preceded by 15 years of wet and warm weather conditions from 1211 to 1225 that allowed favourable conditions for the breeding of horses, which greatly assisted their expansion.
Mongol victory over the Abbasids, Ayyubids and Nizaris; Mamluk victory over the Mongols; Treaty of Aleppo; 1261 2nd Kyrgyz revolt against Mongol empire Mongol empire: Kem-Kemjiut state: Victory 1274 First Mongol invasion of Japan: Mongol Empire: Kamakura Japan: Defeat 1281 Second Mongol invasion of Japan: Mongol Empire: Kamakura Japan: Defeat ...
The Mongol invasion of the Latin Empire took place just a year before the Mongols' crushing victory over the Seljuks of Anatolia at the battle of Köse Dağ (26 June 1243). Although Baldwin II had negotiated an alliance with the Seljuks in 1241, it was the Byzantine emperor John III Vatatzes who provided aid to the Seljuks, his erstwhile ...
1343–1348: Taking advantage of the ongoing Byzantine civil war, Serbian ruler Stefan Dushan conquers Albania, Macedonia and Epirus. 1348–1349: Byzantine–Genoese War, fought over control of custom duties and tariffs on the Bosporus Straight. 1352–1357: Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357. 1362: Ottoman conquest of Adrianople.
The Battle of Legnica (Polish: bitwa pod Legnicą), also known as the Battle of Liegnitz (German: Schlacht von Liegnitz) or Battle of Wahlstatt (German: Schlacht bei Wahlstatt), was fought between the Mongol Empire and combined European forces at the village of Legnickie Pole (Wahlstatt), approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of the city of Legnica in the Duchy of Silesia on 9 April 1241.
Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result 830s Paphlagonian expedition of the Rus' Kievan Rus' Byzantine Empire: Unclear. The historicity of this conflict is questioned: 860 Rus'–Byzantine War (860) Kievan Rus' Byzantine Empire: Victory. The historicity of this conflict is questioned: c. 880s, c. 913, 943, 965, c. 1041 [d] Caspian expeditions of the Rus ...