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Typically, the parameter methylmalonic acid is only tested if propionylcarnitine was previously elevated. [48] Because of the inability to properly break down amino acids completely, the byproduct of protein digestion, the compound methylmalonic acid, is found in a disproportionate concentration in the blood and urine of those afflicted.
Methylmalonic acid is elevated in 90–98% of patients with vitamin B 12 deficiency. It has lower specificity since 20–25% of patients over the age of 70 have elevated levels of methylmalonic acid, but 25–33% of them do not have B 12 deficiency. For this reason, the testing of methylmalonic acid levels is not routinely recommended in the ...
Blood tests: A blood test can measure vitamin B12 levels, along with other markers such as homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, which may also indicate a deficiency. Imaging studies: If gastrointestinal cancer is suspected, imaging techniques like CT scans, MRIs, or endoscopy are used to identify tumors or other abnormalities in the digestive ...
These antibody tests can distinguish between PA and food-B 12 malabsorption. [57] [58] A buildup of certain metabolites occurs in B 12 deficiency due to its role in metabolic processes and cellular functions. Methylmalonic acid (MMA) can be measured in both the blood and urine, whereas homocysteine is only measured in the blood
As with most blood tests, false-negatives can happen, meaning results could come back negative when a cancer does exist — although Grail reports that negative cancer test results from Galleri ...
In addition, methylmalonic acid is formed during catabolism of thymine. [16] [17] However, intracellular esterases are also capable of cleaving the methyl group of methylmalonic acid and generating the parent molecule malonic acid. [20] In vitro, a connection between free methylmalonic acid and malonic acid to neurotoxicity could be established ...
Several tests can be done to discover the dysfunction of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Ammonia test, blood count, CT scan, MRI scan, electrolyte levels, genetic testing, methylmalonic acid blood test, and blood plasma amino acid tests all can be conducted to determine deficiency. [citation needed]
Patricia Stallings (born 1964 or 1965) is an American woman who was wrongfully convicted of murder after the death of her son Ryan on September 7, 1989. Because testing seemed to indicate an elevated level of ethylene glycol in Ryan's blood, authorities suspected antifreeze poisoning, and arrested Stallings the next day.