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Wikipedia-based Image Text Dataset 37.5 million image-text examples with 11.5 million unique images across 108 Wikipedia languages. 11,500,000 image, caption Pretraining, image captioning 2021 [7] Srinivasan e al, Google Research Visual Genome Images and their description 108,000 images, text Image captioning 2016 [8] R. Krishna et al.
The basic intent of the contrast enhancement technique is to adjust the local contrast in the image so as to bring out the clear regions or objects in the image . Low-contrast images often result from poor or non-uniform lighting conditions, a limited dynamic range of the imaging sensor , or improper settings of the lens aperture.
It has found use in analyzing human response to contrast-detail phantoms. [18] SSIM has also been used on the gradient of images, making it "G-SSIM". G-SSIM is especially useful on blurred images. [19] The modifications above can be combined. For example, 4-G-r* is a combination of 4-SSIM, G-SSIM, and r*.
Since the images in CIFAR-10 are low-resolution (32x32), this dataset can allow researchers to quickly try different algorithms to see what works. CIFAR-10 is a labeled subset of the 80 Million Tiny Images dataset from 2008, published in 2009. When the dataset was created, students were paid to label all of the images. [5]
[15] [16] MNIST included images only of handwritten digits. EMNIST includes all the images from NIST Special Database 19 (SD 19), which is a large database of 814,255 handwritten uppercase and lower case letters and digits. [17] [18] The images in EMNIST were converted into the same 28x28 pixel format, by the same process, as were the MNIST ...
Besides differences in the schema, there are several other differences between the earlier Office XML schema formats and Office Open XML. Whereas the data in Office Open XML documents is stored in multiple parts and compressed in a ZIP file conforming to the Open Packaging Conventions, Microsoft Office XML formats are stored as plain single monolithic XML files (making them quite large ...
For example, if applied to 8-bit image displayed with 8-bit gray-scale palette it will further reduce color depth (number of unique shades of gray) of the image. Histogram equalization will work the best when applied to images with much higher color depth than palette size, like continuous data or 16-bit gray-scale images.
The 80 Million Tiny Images dataset was retired from use by its creators in 2020, [5] after a paper by researchers Abeba Birhane and Vinay Prabhu found that some of the labeling of several publicly available image datasets, including 80 Million Tiny Images, contained racist and misogynistic slurs which were causing models trained on them to exhibit racial and sexual bias.