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The production of natural gas from hydraulically fractured wells has used the technological developments of directional and horizontal drilling, which improved access to natural gas in tight rock formations. [146] Strong growth in the production of unconventional gas from hydraulically fractured wells occurred between 2000 and 2012. [147]
Countries where natural gas fields are located. This list of natural gas fields includes major fields of the past and present. N.B. Some of the items listed are basins or projects that comprise many fields (e.g. Sakhalin has three fields: Chayvo, Odoptu, and Arkutun-Dagi).
Since the 1960s it was well known that a large gas field existed next to Makó. The disadvantages are the depth of the gas deposit at about 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) as well as the very high pressures and temperatures, [2] the large thermal increase with depth in Hungary about 20 metres (66 ft) per degree Celsius compared to a world-average 50 metres (160 ft) per degree Celsius).
A natural-gas processing plant in Aderklaa, Austria. Natural-gas processing is a range of industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas by removing contaminants such as solids, water, carbon dioxide (CO 2), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), mercury and higher molecular mass hydrocarbons to produce pipeline quality dry natural gas [1] for pipeline distribution and final use. [2]
In contrast, wet natural gas also contains significant portions of other liquids such as ethane, propane or butane (also known as Natural Gas Liquids). Wet natural gas is used for petrochemicals as well as gasoline (petrol). In 2023, the United States has led the world in both natural gas production and natural gas exports.
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In 2011, world proved gas reserves were enough to last 58 years at 2011 production levels, even though the 2011 production rate was more than double the 1980 rate. [2] At current consumption levels, there are 52 years of proven gas reserves left. [3] However, proven gas reserves have been consistently increasing over time. [3]