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MC2R is activated exclusively by ACTH, whereas the other 4 receptors can be activated by ACTH, α-MSH, β-MSH, and γ-MSH, although the binding affinities differ. For all the melanocortin receptors, binding of an agonistic ligand activates the receptor, leading to dissociation of the G protein and activation of the enzyme adenyl cyclase.
The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), also known as melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MSHR), melanin-activating peptide receptor, or melanotropin receptor, is a G protein–coupled receptor that binds to a class of pituitary peptide hormones known as the melanocortins, which include adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and the different forms of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).
Melanocortin receptors are members of the rhodopsin family of 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors. There are five known members of the melanocortin receptor system [ 1 ] each with differing specificities for melanocortins : [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Agouti-signaling protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIP gene. [5] [6] It is responsible for the distribution of melanin pigment in mammals.[7] [8] Agouti interacts with the melanocortin 1 receptor to determine whether the melanocyte (pigment cell) produces phaeomelanin (a red to yellow pigment), or eumelanin (a brown to black pigment). [9]
The melanocortin system is a critical regulator of energy balance, in both feeding behaviors and energy expenditure, [1] as well as peripheral tissues such as skin and hair. [2] This system is a principal nexus of body weight regulation through its role in appetite and energy expenditure via leptin, ghrelin and agouti-related protein.
The presence of neurofibrillary tangles in the brain is one of the key hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. These irregular clumps of protein are closely associated with disease progression.
17202 Ensembl ENSG00000166603 ENSMUSG00000047259 UniProt P32245 P56450 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005912 NM_016977 RefSeq (protein) NP_005903 NP_058673 Location (UCSC) Chr 18: 60.37 – 60.37 Mb Chr 18: 66.99 – 66.99 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC 4 R) is a melanocortin receptor that in humans is encoded by the MC4R gene highly expressed in ...
Move over, Wordle, Connections and Mini Crossword—there's a new NYT word game in town! The New York Times' recent game, "Strands," is becoming more and more popular as another daily activity ...