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The Belmont Report is a 1978 report created by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.Its full title is the Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research, Report of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.
This paved the way for Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans, and Oliver Smithies to create the first knockout mouse, ushering in a whole new era of research on human disease. In 1995 adult stem cell research with human use was patented (US PTO with effect from 1995). In fact, human use was published in World J Surg 1991 & 1999 (B G Matapurkar).
The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research (1979) These reports contained their recommendations, [ 10 ] the underlying deliberations and conclusions, [ 11 ] a dissenting statement and additional statement by commission members and summaries of materials presented ...
Authors are also commonly required to provide information about ethical aspects of research, particularly where research involves human or animal participants or use of biological material. Provision of incorrect information to journals may be regarded as misconduct. Financial pressures on universities have encouraged this type of misconduct.
Protecting Human Subjects (1981) Whistleblowing in Biomedical Research (1981) IRB Guidebook (1981) Compensating for Research Injuries (1982) Splicing Life: The Social and Ethical Issues of Genetic Engineering with Human Beings (1982) Making Health Care Decisions (1982) Deciding to Forego [sic] Life-Sustaining Treatment (1983)
Its Belmont Report established three tenets of ethical research: respect for persons, beneficence, and justice. [62] Project MKUltra—sometimes referred to as the "CIA's mind control program"—was the code name given to an illegal program of experiments on human subjects, designed and undertaken by the United States Central Intelligence ...
Subsequent investigation led to a report by Andrew Conway Ivy, who testified that the research was "an example of human experiments which were ideal because of their conformity with the highest ethical standards of human experimentation". [189] The trials contributed to the formation of the Nuremberg Code in an effort to prevent such abuses. [190]
In the Havasupai case, researchers from Arizona State University failed to gather informed consent and debrief their participants following the study, which are major ethical violations in medical research. Lastly, this case emphasized the importance of providing proper education and protection to vulnerable populations, instead of exploiting them.