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Computer-aided design systems often use an extended concept of a spline known as a Nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS). If sampled data from a function or a physical object is available, spline interpolation is an approach to creating a spline that approximates that data.
Hand-drawn technical drawings for shipbuilding are a historical example of spline interpolation; drawings were constructed using flexible rulers that were bent to follow pre-defined points. Originally, spline was a term for elastic rulers that were bent to pass through a number of predefined points, or knots.
IIllustration of spline interpolation of a data set. The same data set is used for other interpolation algorithms in the Interpolation. Date: 26 June 2007: Source: self-made in Gnuplot: Author: Berland
The key points, placed by the artist, are used by the computer algorithm to form a smooth curve either through, or near these points. For a typical example of 2-D interpolation through key points see cardinal spline. For examples which go near key points see nonuniform rational B-spline, or Bézier curve. This is extended to the forming of ...
In this example, multiplicity four knots resided at either end of the curve and ensures that the curve is defined over the entire parametric range of u and that the curve interpolates its end points. This is not a general case; intervals can be partitioned by single multiplicity knots over the entire parametric range.
In applied mathematics, an Akima spline is a type of non-smoothing spline that gives good fits to curves where the second derivative is rapidly varying. [1] The Akima spline was published by Hiroshi Akima in 1970 from Akima's pursuit of a cubic spline curve that would appear more natural and smooth, akin to an intuitively hand-drawn curve.