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Every linear programming problem, referred to as a primal problem, can be converted into a dual problem, which provides an upper bound to the optimal value of the primal problem. In matrix form, we can express the primal problem as: Maximize c T x subject to Ax ≤ b, x ≥ 0; with the corresponding symmetric dual problem,
It can therefore be important that considerations of computation efficiency for such problems extend to all of the auxiliary quantities required for such analyses, and are not restricted to the formal solution of the linear least squares problem. Matrix calculations, like any other, are affected by rounding errors. An early summary of these ...
"The linear complementarity problem, sufficient matrices, and the criss-cross method" (PDF). Linear Algebra and Its Applications. 187: 1– 14. doi: 10.1016/0024-3795(93)90124-7. Murty, Katta G. (January 1972). "On the number of solutions to the complementarity problem and spanning properties of complementary cones" (PDF).
To solve the underdetermined (<) linear problem = where the matrix has dimensions and rank , first find the QR factorization of the transpose of : =, where Q is an orthogonal matrix (i.e. =), and R has a special form: = [].
Mathematically, linear least squares is the problem of approximately solving an overdetermined system of linear equations A x = b, where b is not an element of the column space of the matrix A. The approximate solution is realized as an exact solution to A x = b', where b' is the projection of b onto the column space of A. The best ...
For example, to solve a system of n equations for n unknowns by performing row operations on the matrix until it is in echelon form, and then solving for each unknown in reverse order, requires n(n + 1)/2 divisions, (2n 3 + 3n 2 − 5n)/6 multiplications, and (2n 3 + 3n 2 − 5n)/6 subtractions, [10] for a total of approximately 2n 3 /3 operations.
Systems of linear equations form a fundamental part of linear algebra. Historically, linear algebra and matrix theory have been developed for solving such systems. In the modern presentation of linear algebra through vector spaces and matrices, many problems may be interpreted in terms of linear systems. For example, let
In the mathematical discipline of linear algebra, a matrix decomposition or matrix factorization is a factorization of a matrix into a product of matrices. There are many different matrix decompositions; each finds use among a particular class of problems.