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  2. Parametric design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric_design

    Sharan Architecture+Design. Parametric design is a design method in which features, such as building elements and engineering components, are shaped based on algorithmic processes rather than direct manipulation. In this approach, parameters and rules establish the relationship between design intent and design response.

  3. Genetic architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_architecture

    Genetic architecture is the underlying genetic basis of a phenotypic trait and its variational properties. [1] Phenotypic variation for quantitative traits is, at the most basic level, the result of the segregation of alleles at quantitative trait loci (QTL) . [ 2 ]

  4. Genetic algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithm

    This complicated shape was found by an evolutionary computer design program to create the best radiation pattern. It is known as an evolved antenna . In computer science and operations research , a genetic algorithm (GA) is a metaheuristic inspired by the process of natural selection that belongs to the larger class of evolutionary algorithms ...

  5. Design of experiments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_of_experiments

    Design of experiments with full factorial design (left), response surface with second-degree polynomial (right) The design of experiments ( DOE ), [ 1 ] also known as experiment design or experimental design , is the design of any task that aims to describe and explain the variation of information under conditions that are hypothesized to ...

  6. Tree of life (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_of_life_(biology)

    Edward Hitchcock's fold-out paleontological chart in his 1840 Elementary Geology. Although tree-like diagrams have long been used to organise knowledge, and although branching diagrams known as claves ("keys") were omnipresent in eighteenth-century natural history, it appears that the earliest tree diagram of natural order was the 1801 "Arbre botanique" (Botanical Tree) of the French ...

  7. Block diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_diagram

    A block diagram is a diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are represented by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks. [1] They are heavily used in engineering in hardware design, electronic design, software design, and process flow diagrams.

  8. Systems biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_biology

    Systems biology can be considered from a number of different aspects. As a field of study, particularly, the study of the interactions between the components of biological systems, and how these interactions give rise to the function and behavior of that system (for example, the enzymes and metabolites in a metabolic pathway or the heart beats).

  9. Biological applications of bifurcation theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_applications_of...

    The phase diagrams are shown in Figure 5. Tracking the x-intercepts in the phase diagram as r changes, there are two fixed point trajectories which intersect at the origin; this is the bifurcation point (intuitively, when the number of x-intercepts in the phase portrait changes). The left fixed point is always unstable, and the right one stable.