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A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
Founder of Mamluk Caliphate of Cairo under the auspices of Mamluk ruler Baybars. In 1261, The Later Abbasids was succeeded by Caliphs of the Mamluk Sultanate in Cairo. Installed as Caliph in Cairo, Egypt by the Mamluk Sultan Baybars in 1261. Title also claimed by al-Hakim I, installed as caliph by the ruler of Aleppo, Aqqush al-Burli; 2
List of Fatimid caliphs (969–1171) List of Ayyubid rulers (1171–1250) List of Mamluk sultans (1250–1517) List of Ottoman governors of Egypt (1517–1805) List of French governors of Egypt (1798–1801) List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty (1805–1953) List of British colonial heads of Egypt (1798–1936)
Governor () Start End Caliph Comments 1 Amr ibn al-As: 661 January 664 Mu'awiya-Amr's arrangement : As per his agreement with Mu'awiya, Amr was installed as governor of Egypt for life and ruled as a virtual partner rather than a subordinate of Mu'awiya, who had become caliph after Ali's assassination and his son al-Hasan's abdication in 661.
Rashidun caliphate: 641–661: Umayyad caliphate: 661–750: Abbasid dynasty: 750–935: Tulunid dynasty: 868–905: ... Timeline of Egypt Cities in Egypt. Timeline ...
Fled Salamiya in 903, and settled at Sijilmasa in 905 while Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i overthrew the Aghlabids and established the Fatimid Caliphate in his name in 909. Fatimid rule over Ifriqiya was consolidated and extended to Sicily, but three attempts to invade Egypt and thence attack the Abbasids failed. 2 Abu'l-Qasim ابو القاسم ...
The Arab conquest of Egypt, led by the army of Amr ibn al-As, took place between 639 and 642 AD and was overseen by the Rashidun Caliphate. [1] It ended the seven-century-long Roman period in Egypt that had begun in 30 BC and, more broadly, the Greco-Roman period that had lasted about a millennium.
Following his death in 632 CE, his immediate successors established the Rashidun Caliphate. [ citation needed ] After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia , the Safavid ...