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Many shipping services, especially air carriers, use dimensional weight for calculating the price, which takes into account both weight and volume of the cargo. For example, bulk coal long-distance rates in America are approximately 1 cent/ton-mile. [2] So a 100 car train, each carrying 100 tons, over a distance of 1000 miles, would cost $100,000.
The iceberg transport cost model is a commonly used, simple economic model of transportation costs. It relates transport costs linearly with distance, and pays these costs by extracting from the arriving volume. The model is attributed to Paul Samuelson's 1954 article in Deardorffs' Glossary of International Economics. [1]
The Freightos International Freight Index was first launched as a weekly freight index in early 2017. [7] The Freightos Baltic Index has been in wide use since 2018. [8] It is currently the only freight rate index that is issued daily, and is also the only IOSCO-compliant freight index that is currently regulated by the EU (in particular, the European Securities and Markets Authority).
Global freight volumes according to mode of transport in trillions of tonne-kilometres in 2010. In 2015, 108 trillion tonne-kilometers were transported worldwide (anticipated to grow by 3.4% per year until 2050 (128 Trillion in 2020)): 70% by sea, 18% by road, 9% by rail, 2% by inland waterways and less than 0.25% by air.
This is a list representing time zones by country. Countries are ranked by total number of time zones on their territory. Time zones of a country include that of dependent territories (except Antarctic claims). France, including its overseas territories, has the most time zones with 12 (13 including its claim in Antarctica and all other counties).
The time charter equivalent (TCE) rate is a standard shipping industry performance measure used primarily to compare period-to-period changes in a shipping company's performance despite changes in the mix of charter types (i.e., spot charters, time charters and bareboat charters) under which the vessels may be employed between the periods.
The main purpose of this page is to list the current standard time offsets of different countries, territories and regions. Information on daylight saving time or historical changes in offsets can be found in the individual offset articles (e.g. UTC+01:00) or the country-specific time articles (e.g. Time in Russia).
A shipping market cycle or shipping cycle is a particular type of economic cycle. These cycles correct markets when supply and demand are out of balance. Shipping markets are driven by freight rates, which can move up, move down or remain unchanged. Shipping cycles are therefore determined by the fluctuations of these freight rates.