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Research transparency is a major aspect of scientific research. It covers a variety of scientific principles and practices: reproducibility, data and code sharing, citation standards or verifiability. The definitions and norms of research transparency significantly differ depending on the disciplines and fields of research.
A 2009 US Institute of Medicine report on medical COIs states that conflict-of-interest policies should be judged on their proportionality, transparency, accountability, and fairness; they should be effective, efficient, and targeted, known and understood, clearly identify who is responsible for monitoring, enforcement, and amendment, and apply ...
Accountability in Research is devoted to the examination and critical analysis of practices and systems for promoting integrity in the conduct of research. It provides an interdisciplinary, international forum for the development of ethics, procedures, standards, policies, and concepts to encourage the ethical conduct of research and to enhance the validity of research results.
Analytic methods transparency (3) Research materials transparency (4) with all the relevant data, code and research materials stored on a "trusted repository" and all analysis being already reproduced independently prior to publication. [56] Design and analysis transparency (5) with dedicated standards for "review and publication". [56]
The research from the ACM FAccT conference has greatly influenced both public rules and how companies operate. Governments and organizations have used ideas from the conference to create guidelines and policies. For example, studies on bias in algorithms have helped change hiring methods at big tech companies, making them fairer.
Researcher accountability implies that researchers are cognizant of, and take some responsibility for, the potential impact of their ways of doing research – and of writing it up – on the social fields of which the research is part. Accountability is linked to considering carefully, and being open to challenge in relation to, one's choices ...
Transparency implies openness, communication, and accountability. Transparency is practiced in companies, organizations, administrations, and communities. [1] For example, in a business relation, fees are clarified at the outset by a transparent agent, so there are no surprises later.
Accountability and transparency work to promote open government in democracies. Through organizations such as the Open Government Partnership (OGP) within the United States, which was established by the U.S. Department of State, there have been efforts to enhance democracies through both accountability and transparency. [62]