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[2] [4] Acetazolamide is in the diuretic and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor families of medication. [2] It works by decreasing the formation of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate from carbon dioxide and water. [2] Acetazolamide came into medical use in 1952. [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8]
The drug acetazolamide (trade name Diamox) may help some people making a rapid ascent to sleeping altitude above 2,700 metres (9,000 ft), and it may also be effective if started early in the course of AMS. [20] Acetazolamide can be taken before symptoms appear as a preventive measure at a dose of 125 mg twice daily.
Acetazolamide is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase.It is used for glaucoma, epilepsy (rarely), idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and altitude sickness. For the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP), acetazolamide inactivates carbonic anhydrase and interferes with the sodium pump, which decreases aqueous humor formation and thus lowers IOP.
While many people with obesity hypoventilation syndrome are cared for on an outpatient basis, some deteriorate suddenly and when admitted to the hospital may show severe abnormalities such as markedly deranged blood acidity (pH<7.25) or depressed level of consciousness due to very high carbon dioxide levels.
It is recommended that persons with decreased levels of consciousness be intubated for airway protection and maintenance of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels. [3] However, the laryngeal instrumentation involved in the intubation process is associated with an acute, brief rise in intracranial pressure. [ 36 ]
Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is a disease in which the proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells increases (polycythaemia) and there is an abnormally low level of oxygen in the blood . CMS typically develops after extended time living at high altitude (over 2,500 metres (8,200 ft)).
Air travel amid COVID outbreaks can be unnerving but a carbon dioxide detector can help gauge risks. Here's what a CO2 detector showed on a flight.
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a medical condition in which the brain swells with fluid because of the physiological effects of traveling to a high altitude.It generally appears in patients who have acute mountain sickness and involves disorientation, lethargy, and nausea among other symptoms.