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A lifeline is a fall protection safety device in the form of an open fence composed of wire and stanchions secured around the perimeter of an area to prevent accidental falls. It is commonly found on sailboats [ 1 ] and construction sites , [ 2 ] as well as other situations where dangerous falls can occur, such as at scenic overlooks and in caves .
In rock climbing, an anchor can be any device or method for attaching a climber, rope, or load to a climbing surface—typically rock, ice, steep dirt, or a building—either permanently or temporarily. The intention of an anchor is case-specific but is usually for fall protection, primarily fall arrest and fall restraint.
Fall arrest is an active form of fall protection which main purpose is to stop a person from falling and the fall impact on the ground after they had fallen. These fall arrest assist of harness, single or multiple anchor points, and a self- retracting lifeline or safety lanyard.
The anchor point does not prevent a fall, but prevents the belayer from being pulled upwards during a fall. [4] This is normally not used when lead belaying. [5] To set up this anchor the belayer should place a piece of directional protection (i.e., a nut or cam) into a crack below their body, or tie themselves by the belay loop to a rock or tree.
By the 1970s, the Occupational Safety and Hazard Administration (OSHA) was established and began issuing standard updates for fall protection in the construction industry. In 1994, OSHA also issued Subpart M Fall Protection Standard which required roof edge protection to be in place where employees were working six feet or more above a lower level.
Top-roping. In top-roping, the climber and their belayer (or "second"), arrange a fixed anchor at the top of the climb and then hang the rope down from this anchor at the rope's approximate mid-point (i.e. so that two parts of the rope are now hanging down the route).
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