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Injury in plants is damage caused by other organisms or by the non-living (abiotic) environment to plants. Animals that commonly cause injury to plants include insects, mites, nematodes, and herbivorous mammals; damage may also be caused by plant pathogens including fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Abiotic factors that can damage plants include ...
Damage From Voles Unlike moles, voles are vegetarian and feast on the roots and stems of plants, says Smith. The animal may tunnel to root systems, eating the roots and chewing the main stem just ...
Voles thrive on small plants yet, like shrews, they will eat dead animals and, like mice and rats, they can live on almost any nut or fruit. In addition, voles target plants more than most other small animals, making their presence evident. Voles readily girdle small trees and ground cover much like a porcupine. This girdling can easily kill ...
Alfisol and Ultisol soil types are particularly favored due to being favorable to the vole's burrowing system. [2] Voles feed on both the roots and stem system and the vegetation of plants, as well as fruits, seeds, bark, subterranean fungus and insects. [4] Because they feed on roots and tubers, voles do not need to drink water much. [3]
Northern red-backed voles live in a variety of northern forest and shrubland habitats. [2] [4] They occur in every major forest type in central Alaska. [5]Plant species commonly found in areas occupied by northern red-backed voles include black spruce (Picea mariana), white spruce (Picea glauca), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), paper birch (Betula papyrifera), alder (Alnus spp.), willow ...
Another way that plants alter their morphology to protect against stress is by changing the leaf orientation. [2] Plants can suffer from heat stress if the sun’s rays are too strong. Changing the orientation of their leaves in different directions (parallel or perpendicular) allows plants to reduce damage from intense light. Leaves also wilt ...
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Eastern meadow voles eat most available species of grasses, sedges, and forbs, including many agricultural plant species. [5] [9] In summer and fall, grasses are cut into match-length sections to reach the succulent portions of the leaves and seedheads. Leaves, flowers, and fruits of forbs are also typical components of the summer diet.