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Noctilucent clouds may be confused with cirrus clouds, but appear sharper under magnification. [50] Those caused by rocket exhausts tend to show colours other than silver or blue, [51] because of iridescence caused by the uniform size of the water droplets produced. [55] Noctilucent clouds may be seen at latitudes of 50° to 65°. [56]
Mesospheric noctilucent clouds over Estonia. Noctilucent clouds are thin clouds that come in a variety of forms based from about 80 to 85 kilometres (262,000–279,000 ft) and occasionally seen in deep twilight after sunset and before sunrise. [6] [7] Type 1 Veils, very tenuous stratiform; resembles cirrostratus or poorly defined cirrus. Type 2
Noctilucent cloud over Estonia. Noctilucent clouds are the highest in the atmosphere and are found near the top of the mesosphere at about 80 to 85 km (50 to 53 mi) or roughly ten times the altitude of tropospheric high clouds. [131] They are given this Latin derived name because of their illumination well after sunset and before sunrise.
The clouds thus generated are intended to simulate naturally occurring phenomena called noctilucent clouds, which are the highest clouds in the atmosphere. The CARE experiment is intended to create an artificial dust layer at the boundary of space in a controlled sense, in order to "allow scientists to study different aspects of it, the ...
Noctilucent clouds as seen by AIM. The scientific purpose of the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) mission is focused on the study of polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs) that form about 80 km (50 mi) above the surface of Earth in summer and mostly in the polar regions of Earth. The overall goal is to resolve why PMCs form and why they vary.
Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 m (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight , when the Sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon, as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes. [ 1 ]
Landspout; Cumulonimbus calvus clouds can, on rare occasions, produce a unique type of tornado known as a landspout. Landspouts are formed when strong ground level rotation is caught in the updraft of the storm, pulling it upwards and connecting it to the clouds above resulting in the rotation becoming a true tornado.
When Earth passed near the orbit of Comet ISON on 14–15 January 2014, it was predicted that micron-sized dust particles blown by the Sun's radiation might cause a meteor shower or noctilucent clouds; [38] [39] however, both events were considered unlikely.