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High tibial osteotomy is an orthopaedic surgical procedure which aims to correct a varus deformation with compartmental osteoarthritis.Since the inception of the procedure, advancements to technique, fixation devices, and a better understanding of patient selection has allowed HTO to become more popular in younger, more active patients hoping to combat arthritis. [1]
Moreover, UKAs may require a smaller incision, less tissue damage, and faster recovery times. [2] In the United States, the procedure constitutes approximately 8% of knee arthroplasties. [4] In comparisons with a more extensive surgical procedure called high tibial osteotomy, UKA has equal or better outcomes. [1] [5]
The location of the removed wedge of bone depends on where osteoarthritis has damaged the knee cartilage. The most common type of osteotomy performed on arthritic knees is a high tibial osteotomy, which addresses cartilage damage on the inside (medial) portion of the knee. The procedure usually takes 60 to 90 minutes to perform. [9]
Risk factors for infection are related to both patient and surgical factors. [50] Deep vein thrombosis occurs in up to 15% of patients, and is symptomatic in 2–3%. Nerve injuries occur in 1–2% of patients. Persistent pain or stiffness occurs in 8–23% of patients. Prosthesis failure occurs in approximately 2% of patients at 5 years. [4]
In medicine, the Ilizarov apparatus is a type of external fixation apparatus used in orthopedic surgery to lengthen or to reshape the damaged bones of an arm or a leg; used as a limb-sparing technique for treating complex fractures and open bone fractures; and used to treat an infected non-union of bones, which cannot be surgically resolved.
[27] [28] Leg compartment syndrome occurs in 1% to 10% of tibial fractures. [6] It is strongly linked to tibial diaphysis fractures and other tibial injuries. [29] Direct injury to blood vessels can reduce blood flow to soft tissues, causing compartment syndrome. [24] Compartment syndrome can also be caused by: intravenous drug injection; casts
The triple tibial osteotomy has been developed as a hybrid of two previously available orthopaedic procedures, the tibial tuberosity advancement and the tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. The tibial tuberosity advancement neutralises shear force within the stifle by advancing the tibial tuberosity until the tibial plateau is at right angles to ...
Patients with tibial shaft fractures present with pain and localized swelling. [2] Due to the pain they are unable to bear weight. There may be deformity, angulation, or malroation of the leg. [2] Fractures that are open (bone exposed or breaking the skin) are common. [citation needed]