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Leg cramps – Leg cramps (involuntary spasms of the calf muscles) can affect between 30% and 50% of pregnant women and most commonly occur in the last three months of pregnancy. [20] Leg cramps typically last only for a few seconds, however they can be extremely painful and last for minutes. [21]
Here, gynecologists explain common causes for cramping but no period, including endometriosis, pregnancy, and more. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: ...
During pregnancy, vaginal discharge volume increases as a result of the body's increased levels of estrogen and progesterone. [13] [2] The discharge is usually white or slightly gray, and may have a musty smell. [13] [2] The normal discharge of pregnancy does not contain blood or cause itching. [13]
The effect of pregnancy on platelet count is unclear, with some studies demonstrating a mild decline in platelet count and other studies that show no effect. [24] The white blood cell count increases with occasional appearance of myelocytes or metamyelocytes in the blood. [24] During labor, there is a rise in leukocyte count.
In pregnancy, higher levels of estrogen make a woman more likely to develop a yeast infection. During pregnancy, the Candida fungus is more common, and recurrent infection is also more likely. [2] There is tentative evidence that treatment of asymptomatic candidal vulvovaginitis in pregnancy reduces the risk of preterm birth. [17]
[citation needed] The amount of discharge may increase due to vaginal infection, and it may disappear and reappear from time to time. This discharge can keep occurring for years, in which case it becomes more yellow and strong-smelling. It is usually a non-pathological symptom secondary to inflammatory conditions of the vagina or cervix. [5]
Dilation of blood vessels may help with cramps.” Finally, she notes that the cocoa in chocolate contains a small amount of caffeine, a stimulant, which studies have shown can help with general ...
Menstrual cycle The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. The ovarian cycle controls the production and release of eggs and the cyclic release of estrogen and progesterone. The uterine cycle governs the preparation and maintenance of the lining of the ...