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We, by the power of the eternal heaven, Khan of the great Ulus, Our command. The letter was a response to a 1245 letter, Cum non solum , from the pope to the Mongols. Güyük, who had little understanding of faraway Europe or the pope's significance in it, demanded the pope's submission and a visit from the rulers of the West to pay homage to ...
Cum non solum was a letter written by Pope Innocent IV to the Mongols on March 13, 1245. In it, Pope Innocent appeals to the Mongols to desist from attacking Christians and other nations, and inquires as to the Mongols' future intentions. [1]
Güyük Khan or Güyüg Khagan, [c] mononymously Güyüg [d] (c. 19 March 1206 – 20 April 1248), was the third Khagan of the Mongol Empire, the eldest son of Ögedei Khan and a grandson of Genghis Khan. He reigned from 1246 to 1248.
English: Seal used by Güyük Khan using the classical Mongolian script, as found in a letter sent to the Roman Pope Innocent IV in 1246. English translation: "Under the Power of the Eternal Heaven, if the Decree of the Oceanic Khan of the Great Mongol Nation reaches people both subject or belligerent, let them revere, let them fear".
The Khan Güyük replied in 1246 in a letter written in Persian mixed Turkic that is still preserved in the Vatican Library, demanding the submission of the Pope and the other rulers of Europe. [42] In 1245 Innocent had sent another mission, through another route, led by Ascelin of Lombardia, also bearing letters.
A 'letter' is a formal, printed (handwritten or typed) message from one person to another. ... Letter collection; Letter from Güyük Khan to Pope Innocent IV;
The 1246 letter of Güyük to Pope Innocent IV The Seventh Crusade met its end at Fariskur in 1250, marking a historical turning point for all the regional parties existing at that time. Egypt defeated Louis's crusade and proved to be Islam's citadel and arsenal.
The Imperial Seal of the Mongols using the classical Mongolian script, as found in a letter Güyük Khan sent to the Roman Pope Innocent IV. Mongolian calligraphy is a form of calligraphy or artistic writing of the Mongolian language. [1]