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Italics should not be used for non-English text in non-Latin scripts, such as Chinese characters and Cyrillic script, or for proper names, to which the convention of italicizing non-English words and phrases does not apply; thus, a title of a short non-English work simply receives quotation marks.
However, this rule is often ignored in titles of works. Follow the majority usage in independent, reliable sources for any given subject (e.g. The Out-of-Towners but The History of Middle-earth). If neither spelling is clearly dominant in sources, default to lowercase after a hyphen, per the general rule.
Use of italics should conform to Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting § Italic type. Do not use articles ( a , an , or the ) as the first word ( Economy of the Second Empire , not The economy of the Second Empire ), unless it is an inseparable part of a name ( The Hague ) or of the title of a work ( A Clockwork Orange , The Simpsons ).
For folks not conversant with mathematical typesetting rules, it probably seems like fluff, even though for us inside mathematics, the ubiquitous use of an italic serif font for most (but not all) single-letter symbols makes it a huge time-saver.
Sample of Niccoli's cursive script, which developed into Italic type. Catherine of Siena, Epistole ("Letters"), published in Venice by Aldo Manuzio in September 1500: [6] illustrated table in which appear the first words ever printed in italics: iesus, inside the heart in the left hand and iesu dolce iesu amore inside the book in the right hand. [7]
Italics are generally used for titles of longer works. Titles of shorter works, such as the following, should be enclosed in double quotation marks: Articles, essays or papers; Chapters of a longer work; Episodes of a television series; Short poems; Short stories; Songs; There are a few cases in which the title should be in neither italics nor ...
The question of italics for titles of major works in non-Latin scripts has come up before, for example Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Text formatting/Archive 6#More clarity may be needed re titles of works in foreign languages, a discussion that concluded 20 June 2018.
WP:MOS#Italics points here; WP:MOS#Animals, plants, and other organisms covers both italics and capitalization itself. I'm not sure why the style guide on formatting titles should cover genus & species, but we could add a link from here to the composition titles section of MOSCAPS (or move that section here and point it the other way).