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The angle of climb can be defined as the angle between a horizontal plane representing the Earth's surface, and the actual flight path followed by the aircraft during its ascent. The speed of an aircraft type at which the angle of climb is largest is called V X. It is always slower than V Y, the speed for the best rate of climb. As the latter ...
A horseshoe curve is a means to lengthen an ascending or descending grade and thereby reduce the maximum gradient. Grade or gradient is defined as the rise divided by the run (length) or distance, so in principle such curves add to length for the same altitude gain, just as would a climbing spiral around one or more peaks, or a climbing traverse (cutting) wrapping around an end of a ridge.
Approach (α) and departure angle (β) of a vehicle. Approach angle is the maximum angle of a ramp onto which a vehicle can climb from a horizontal plane without interference. [1] It is defined as the angle between the ground and the line drawn between the front tire and the lowest-hanging part of the vehicle at the front overhang.
(This is the angle α opposite the "rise" side of a triangle with a right angle between vertical rise and horizontal run.) as a percentage, the formula for which is which is equivalent to the tangent of the angle of inclination times 100. In Europe and the U.S. percentage "grade" is the most commonly used figure for describing slopes.
The Filbert Steps section of Filbert Street has a maximum gradient of 31.5% (17.5°). [4] The steepest hill on Filbert is the one-way down east half of the block between Hyde and Leavenworth. The city map shows a descent of 65 feet, which based on a half-block being 206.25 horizontal feet makes the grade 31.5%, the official figure.
For a line with a maximum speed of 60 km/h (37 mph), buffer-and-chain couplers increase the minimum radius to around 150 m (164 yd; 492 ft). As narrow-gauge railways , tramways , and rapid transit systems normally do not interchange with mainline railways, instances of these types of railway in Europe often use bufferless central couplers and ...
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If an obstacle needs to be cleared, the pilot climbs at the speed for maximum climb angle (V x), which results in the greatest altitude gain per unit of horizontal distance travelled. If no obstacle needs to be cleared, or after an obstacle is cleared, the pilot can accelerate to the best rate of climb speed (V y ), where the aircraft will gain ...