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A warehouse in South Jersey, a U.S. East Coast epicenter for logistics and warehouse construction outside Philadelphia, where trucks deliver slabs of granite [1]. Logistics is the part of supply chain management that deals with the efficient forward and reverse flow of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption according to the needs of customers.
Supply and demand stacked in a conceptual chain.. A supply chain is a complex logistics system that consists of facilities that convert raw materials into finished products and distribute them [1] to end consumers [2] or end customers. [3]
[2] [3] A more narrow definition of supply chain management is the "design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronising supply with demand and measuring performance globally".
With the increasing complexity of global markets and the need for companies to operate efficiently in an interconnected world, understanding and mastering global logistics and supply chain management is essential. One of the key aspects of global logistics is the efficient movement of goods across international borders.
A fourth party logistics provider selects the 3PL providers from the market which are most suitable for the logistical issues of their customer. Unlike the allocative function of a 4PL in the supply chain, the core competence of a 3PL provider is the operative logistics.
Before designing a distribution system, the supplier needs to determine what distribution channel to achieve in broad terms. The approach to distributing products or services depends on a number of factors including the type of product, especially perishability; the market served; the geographic scope of operations and the firm's overall mission and vision.
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Entire stock market indexes focus on the sector, like the Dow Jones Transportation Index (DJTA). In the EU, the transport industry directly employs around 10 million people and accounts for about 5% of the gross domestic product (GDP). Logistics account for 10–15% of the cost of a finished product for European companies.