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The Feminine Mystique is a book by American author Betty Friedan, widely credited with sparking second-wave feminism in the United States. [2] First published by W. W. Norton on February 19, 1963, The Feminine Mystique became a bestseller, initially selling over a million copies.
Friedan contends that "first stage" of feminism, a movement intended to liberate women from their traditional role as only mothers and house-wives, was coming to an end with the deadline for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment, and that it was time to take feminism to a new stage, which could better deal with the issues of a new generation of women.
Betty Friedan (/ ˈ f r iː d ən, f r iː ˈ d æ n, f r ɪ-/; [1] February 4, 1921 – February 4, 2006) was an American feminist writer and activist. A leading figure in the women's movement in the United States, her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique is often credited with sparking the second wave of American feminism in the 20th century.
Betty Friedan published The Feminine Mystique in 1963. In 1963, Betty Friedan published her book The Feminine Mystique [55] addressing the issues that many white-middle class housewives were facing at the time. Friedan's work catalyzed the second wave, and in particular the liberal feminist sector of the movement.
[5] [4] It begins by outlining the social climate of the 1960s and describes some of the first events of the women's liberation, including the publication of Betty Friedan's landmark text The Feminine Mystique and the founding of the National Organization for Women.
Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique was published, became a best-seller, and laid the groundwork for the second-wave feminist movement in the U.S. [4] [7] Alice S. Rossi presented "Equality Between the Sexes: An Immodest Proposal" at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences conference. [4] [8]
The Grimms didn't just shy away from the feminine details of sex, their telling of the stories repeatedly highlight violent acts against women. Women die in child birth again and again in Grimms' tales — in "Snow White," "Cinderella," and "Rapunzel" — having served their societal duties by producing a beautiful daughter to replace her.
Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique summed up the expectations of female nature of this time, with a focus on "consumerism, sexualized marriage, and civic activism." [44] Opposition to those ideas influenced the second wave of feminism. [45]