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Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel found in virtually all organisms. [1] They form potassium -selective pores that span cell membranes. Potassium channels are found in most cell types and control a wide variety of cell functions. [2][3]
structure summary. Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transmembrane channels specific for potassium and sensitive to voltage changes in the cell's membrane potential. During action potentials, they play a crucial role in returning the depolarized cell to a resting state.
Inward-rectifier potassium channel. Inward-rectifier potassium channels (Kir, IRK) are a specific lipid-gated subset of potassium channels. To date, seven subfamilies have been identified in various mammalian cell types, [1] plants, [2] and bacteria. [3] They are activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP 2).
Calcium-activated potassium channel. Calcium-activated potassium channels are potassium channels gated by calcium, [1] or that are structurally or phylogenetically related to calcium gated channels. They were first discovered in 1958 by Gardos who saw that calcium levels inside of a cell could affect the permeability of potassium through that ...
Two-pore-domain potassium channel. The two-pore-domain or tandem pore domain potassium channels are a family of 15 members that form what is known as leak channels which possess Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (open) rectification. [1] These channels are regulated by several mechanisms including signaling lipids, oxygen tension, pH, mechanical stretch ...
Potassium channels are essentially absent in the nodal axolemma, whereas they are highly concentrated in the paranodal axolemma and Schwann cell membranes at the node. [4] The exact function of potassium channels have not quite been revealed, but it is known that they may contribute to the rapid repolarization of the action potentials or play a ...
BK channel. BK channels (big potassium), are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, [1] also known as Maxi-K, slo1, or Kca1.1. BK channels are voltage-gated potassium channels that conduct large amounts of potassium ions (K +) across the cell membrane, hence their name, big potassium. These channels can be activated (opened) by ...
Dalfampridine, A potassium channel blocker has also been approved for use in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. [7]A study appears to indicate that topical spray of a selective Tandem pore Acid-Sensitive K+ (TASK 1/3 K+) (potassium antagonist) increases upper airway dilator muscle activity and reduces pharyngeal collapsibility during anesthesia and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).