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"Arabic" = Letters used in Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, and most regional dialects. "Farsi" = Letters used in modern Persian. FW = Foreign words: the letter is sometimes used to spell foreign words. SV = Stylistic variant: the letter is used interchangeably with at least one other letter depending on the calligraphic style.
The Arabic alphabet, [a] or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, [ b ] of which most have contextual letterforms.
Arabic letter/symbol Usual romanization Letter name A–B a [a] cat in British English, only approx. in American English, could also be realised as [æ] َ a, á, e فَتْحَة (fatḥah) aː [b] not exact, longer far, could also be realised as [æː] ـَا (ى at word end) ā, â, aa, a أَلِف (ʾalif) الف مقصورة (ʾalif ...
Those letters that do not have a close phonetic approximation in the Latin script are often expressed using numerals or other characters, so that the numeral graphically approximates the Arabic letter that one would otherwise use (e.g. ع is represented using the numeral 3 because the latter looks like a vertical reflection of the former).
The rows read from right to left. Note that the modern pronunciation of the Arabic letter is not always exactly the same as the probable ancient pronunciation of the Ugaritic letter, particularly in the case of Ugaritic "g" and Arabic ج (only valid in Egyptian dialect) and Ugaritic "p" and Arabic ف. Also, it is not known exactly how the ...
Sun letters (red) and moon letters (black) In Arabic and Maltese, the consonants are divided into two groups, called the sun letters or solar letters (Arabic: حروف شمسية ḥurūf shamsiyyah, Maltese: konsonanti xemxin) and moon letters or lunar letters (Arabic: حروف قمرية ḥurūf qamariyyah, Maltese: konsonanti qamrin), the difference being that only the sun letters will ...
The six final letters of the Abjadi order (thakhadh ḍaẓagh) are unused. The letters represented correspond to those letters written without Arabic diacritics plus yāʿ ي. [31] It is possible that the restricted set of letters was supposed to invoke an archaic variant of the Arabic alphabet modeled on the Aramaic alphabet. [32]
Arabic Presentation Forms-B is a Unicode block encoding spacing forms of Arabic diacritics, and contextual letter forms. The special codepoint ZWNBSP ( zero width no-break space ) is also here, which is only meant for a byte order mark (that may precede text, Arabic or not, or be absent).