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Bag and contents of a well-known early brand of synthetic cannabinoids named Spice that contains herbs covered with synthetic cannabinoids, now illegal throughout much of the world. Synthetic cannabinoids are a class of designer drug molecules that bind to the same receptors to which cannabinoids (THC, CBD and many others) in cannabis plants ...
FUB-APINACA (also known as A-FUBINACA according to the EMCCDA framework for naming synthetic cannabinoids [1] and FUB-AKB48) is an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid that is presumed to be a potent agonist of the CB 1 receptor and has been sold online as a designer drug. [2]
JWH-018 is a full agonist of both the CB 1 and CB 2 cannabinoid receptors, with a reported binding affinity of 9.00 ± 5.00 nM at CB 1 and 2.94 ± 2.65 nM at CB 2. [6] JWH-018 has an EC 50 of 102 nM for human CB 1 receptors, and 133 nM for human CB 2 receptors. [16]
JWH-073, a synthetic cannabinoid, is an analgesic chemical from the naphthoylindole family that acts as a full agonist [3] at both the CB 1 and CB 2 cannabinoid receptors. It is somewhat selective for the CB 1 subtype, with affinity at this subtype approximately 5× the affinity at CB 2. [4]
Compared with classical cannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids differ structurally. Some common synthetic cannabinoids are available in the market such as JWH-018, which is the most well-known naphthoylindole and JWH-250, a phenylacetylindole. They are sold under the brand name ”Spice” as a recreational drug over the past decade. [4]
ADB-CHMINACA (also known as ADMB-CHMINACA [3] and MAB-CHMINACA) is an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid. It is a potent agonist of the CB 1 receptor with a binding affinity of K i = 0.289 nM and was originally developed by Pfizer in 2009 as an analgesic medication. [4] [5] It was identified in cannabinoid blends in Japan in early 2015. [6]
5F-APINACA (also known as A-5F-PINACA, [3] 5F-AKB-48 or 5F-AKB48) is an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid that has been sold online as a designer drug. [4] [5] Structurally it closely resembles cannabinoid compounds from patent WO 2003/035005 but with a 5-fluoropentyl chain on the indazole 1-position, and 5F-APINACA falls within the claims of this patent, as despite not being disclosed as ...
ADB-BINACA (also known as ADMB-BZINACA using EMCDDA naming standards [1]) is a cannabinoid designer drug that has been found as an ingredient in some synthetic cannabis products. [2] It was originally developed by Pfizer as a potential analgesic, and is a potent agonist of the CB 1 receptor with a binding affinity (K i) of 0.33 nM and an EC 50 ...