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Plagiocephaly, also known as flat head syndrome, [1] [2] is a condition characterized by an asymmetrical distortion (flattening of one side) of the skull.A mild and widespread form is characterized by a flat spot on the back or one side of the head caused by remaining in a supine position for prolonged periods.
Muenke syndrome: coronal craniosynostosis (plagiocephaly and brachycephaly), short feet and palms, hearing impairment, hypertelorism, and proptosis. [ 25 ] Pfeiffer syndrome : abnormalities of the skull, hands, and feet; wide-set, bulging eyes, an underdeveloped upper jaw, beaked nose.
Brachycephaly [51] Craniorhiny: Oxycephaly/turricephaly [52] Craniosynostosis, Boston type Coronal Brachycephaly, brachyturricephaly, trigonocephaly, turricephaly Usually considered nonsyndromic. [53] Craniosynostosis Susceptible cause; usually considered nonsyndromic. [54] Craniosynstosis Brachycephaly, plagiocephaly, turricephaly
Cranial sutures. A defining characteristic of Crouzon syndrome is craniosynostosis, which results in an abnormal head shape.This is present in combinations of: frontal bossing, trigonocephaly (fusion of the metopic suture), brachycephaly (fusion of the coronal suture), dolichocephaly (fusion of the sagittal suture), plagiocephaly (unilateral premature closure of lambdoid and coronal sutures ...
Antley–Bixler syndrome presents itself at birth or prenatally. [2] Features of the disorder include brachycephaly (flat forehead), craniosynostosis (complete skull-joint closure) of both coronal and lambdoid sutures, facial hypoplasia (underdevelopment); bowed ulna (forearm bone) and femur (thigh bone), synostosis of the radius (forearm bone), humerus (upper arm bone) and trapezoid (hand ...
Brachycephaly is the common pattern of growth, where the coronal sutures close prematurely, preventing the skull from expanding frontward or backward and causing the brain to expand the skull to the sides and upwards. This results in another common characteristic, a high, prominent forehead with a flat back of the skull.
The head is unable to grow normally, which leads to a high, prominent forehead (turri brachycephaly) and eyes that appear to bulge and are set wide (hypertelorism). In addition, there is an underdeveloped upper jaw (maxillary hypoplasia). More than half of children with Pfeiffer syndrome have hearing loss; dental problems are common. [4]
Beside to these symptoms there are more symptoms which is related with bone structure and misshape. McGillivray syndrome is a birth defect in which one or more of the joints between the bones of the baby's skull close prematurely, before the baby's brain is fully formed. When the baby has craniosynostosis, the brain cannot grow in its natural ...