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It is located off the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia by the Malacca Strait, with the Penang Strait separating the island from Seberang Perai on the mainland. The 295 km 2 (114 sq mi) island makes up approximately 28% of Penang's total land mass and is home to about 45% of the state's population as of 2020 [update] . [ 1 ]
Penang Island is physically connected to mainland Seberang Perai by two road bridges – the 13.5 km (8.4 mi) Penang Bridge and the 24 km (15 mi) Second Penang Bridge. [204] Seberang Perai is accessible through the North-South Expressway , a 966 km-long (600 mi) expressway that stretches along the western part of Peninsular Malaysia .
Pulo Milo or Pillomilo (Milo Island) Meroe; Menchal Island (Mini Nicobar Island) Trak Island; Treis Island; Great Nicobar (922 km 2 or 356 sq mi, largest island of the Nicobars) Kondul Island; Kabra Islet; Pigeon Islet; Megapod Islet
Island ecology is the study of island organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment. Islands account for nearly 1/6 of earth’s total land area, [1] yet the ecology of island ecosystems is vastly different from that of mainland communities.
It can be seen that a larger island close to the mainland has the most species richness and a smaller one far from the mainland has the least. The rate of extinction once a species manages to colonize an island is affected by island size; this is the species-area curve or effect. Larger islands contain larger habitat areas and opportunities for ...
There are about 1361 species of birds recorded from India, with some variations, depending on taxonomic treatments, accounting for about 12% of the world species. [14] There are about 410 species of mammals known from India, which is about 8.86% of the world species. [15] India has the greatest number of cat species in the world. [16]
India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands, some 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) southeast of the mainland, share maritime borders with Myanmar, Thailand and Indonesia. The southernmost tip of the Indian mainland (8°4′38″N, 77°31′56″E) is just south of Kanyakumari , while the southernmost point in India is Indira Point on Great Nicobar Island .
India has an estimated 92,873 species of fauna, roughly about 7.5% of the species available worldwide. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Insects form the major category with 63423 recorded species. India is home to 423 mammals , 1233 birds , 526 reptiles , 342 amphibians , 3022 fish apart from other species which form 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird ...