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It can be seen that a larger island close to the mainland has the most species richness and a smaller one far from the mainland has the least. The rate of extinction once a species manages to colonize an island is affected by island size; this is the species-area curve or effect. Larger islands contain larger habitat areas and opportunities for ...
It is located off the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia by the Malacca Strait, with the Penang Strait separating the island from Seberang Perai on the mainland. The 295 km 2 (114 sq mi) island makes up approximately 28% of Penang's total land mass and is home to about 45% of the state's population as of 2020 [update] . [ 1 ]
Island ecology is the study of island organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment. Islands account for nearly 1/6 of earth’s total land area, [1] yet the ecology of island ecosystems is vastly different from that of mainland communities.
Penang National Park is the first protected area legally gazetted under Malaysia's National Park Act of 1980, signifying the state and federal governments' environmental protection efforts. It was established to preserve flora and fauna as well as objects with geological, archaeological , historical, ethnological , scientific, and scenic interests.
India has an estimated 92,873 species of fauna, roughly about 7.5% of the species available worldwide. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Insects form the major category with 63423 recorded species. India is home to 423 mammals , 1233 birds , 526 reptiles , 342 amphibians , 3022 fish apart from other species which form 7.6% of mammal, 14.7% of amphibian, 6% of bird ...
There are about 1361 species of birds recorded from India, with some variations, depending on taxonomic treatments, accounting for about 12% of the world species. [14] There are about 410 species of mammals known from India, which is about 8.86% of the world species. [15] India has the greatest number of cat species in the world. [16]
By 1991, Penang's population had exceeded one million, with mainland Seberang Perai overtaking Penang Island in population at the same time. [20] However, the state's population growth had begun to slow since the 1970s. In 2020, annual population growth was at 1.3%, a reduction from 2.1% in 2010. [1]
Insular India was an isolated landmass which became the Indian subcontinent.Across the latter stages of the Cretaceous and most of the Paleocene, following the breakup of Gondwana, the Indian subcontinent remained an isolated landmass as the Indian Plate drifted across the Tethys Ocean, forming the Indian Ocean.