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It is one of the oxides of iron, and is ferrimagnetic; [6] it is attracted to a magnet and can be magnetized to become a permanent magnet itself. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] With the exception of extremely rare native iron deposits, it is the most magnetic of all the naturally occurring minerals on Earth.
Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. Ferromagnetic materials are noticeably attracted to a magnet, which is a consequence of their substantial ...
Elemental iron is virtually absent on the Earth's surface except as iron-nickel alloys from meteorites and very rare forms of deep mantle xenoliths.Although iron is the fourth most abundant element in Earth's crust, composing about 5% by weight, [4] the vast majority is bound in silicate or, more rarely, carbonate minerals, and smelting pure iron from these minerals would require a prohibitive ...
Most minerals with no iron content are diamagnetic. [1] Some such minerals may have a significant positive magnetic susceptibility, for example serpentine, [2] but this is because the minerals have inclusions containing strongly magnetic minerals such as magnetite. The susceptibility of such minerals is negative and small (Table 1).
Even after improved smelting technology made mined ores viable during the Middle Ages, bog ore remained important into modern times, particularly in peasant iron production. [10] In Russia , bog ore was the principal source of iron until the 16th century, when the superior ores of the Ural Mountains became available.
Limonite (/ ˈ l aɪ m ə ˌ n aɪ t /) is an iron ore consisting of a mixture of hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides in varying composition. The generic formula is frequently written as FeO(OH)·nH 2 O, although this is not entirely accurate as the ratio of oxide to hydroxide can vary quite widely.
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