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The Kruskal–Szekeres coordinates also apply to space-time around a spherical object, but in that case do not give a description of space-time inside the radius of the object. Space-time in a region where a star is collapsing into a black hole is approximated by the Kruskal–Szekeres coordinates (or by the Schwarzschild coordinates). The ...
This article uses the standard notation ISO 80000-2, which supersedes ISO 31-11, for spherical coordinates (other sources may reverse the definitions of θ and φ): . The polar angle is denoted by [,]: it is the angle between the z-axis and the radial vector connecting the origin to the point in question.
Kruskal's algorithm [1] finds a minimum spanning forest of an undirected edge-weighted graph. If the graph is connected , it finds a minimum spanning tree . It is a greedy algorithm that in each step adds to the forest the lowest-weight edge that will not form a cycle . [ 2 ]
In practice, the metric of the manifold has to be conformal to the flat metric , i.e., the geodesics maintain in all points of the angles by moving from one to the other, as well as keeping the null geodesics unchanged, [1] that means there exists a function () such that () = (), where () is known as the conformal factor and is a point on the ...
The constant tachyonic geodesic outside is not continued by a constant geodesic inside , but rather continues into a "parallel exterior region" (see Kruskal–Szekeres coordinates). Other tachyonic solutions can enter a black hole and re-exit into the parallel exterior region.
Working in a coordinate chart with coordinates (,,,) labelled 1 to 4 respectively, we begin with the metric in its most general form (10 independent components, each of which is a smooth function of 4 variables). The solution is assumed to be spherically symmetric, static and vacuum.
The metric in Kruskal–Szekeres coordinates covers all of the extended Schwarzschild spacetime in a single coordinate system. Its chief disadvantage is that in those coordinates the metric depends on both the time and space coordinates.
Coordinate charts are mathematical objects of topological manifolds, and they have multiple applications in theoretical and applied mathematics. When a differentiable structure and a metric are defined, greater structure exists, and this allows the definition of constructs such as integration and geodesics .